Draw Valid Conclusions From A Text - This lesson is going to target drawing conclusion from passages. When we draw a conclusion, we are making an educated guess. The guess may about what might happen next, how a character is feeling, or maybe even the setting of the story. In order to draw a conclusion, we use information from the text in addition to background information that we know in our heads to be true and probable.
Conclusions are also called inferences, implications, or judgments. To draw a conclusion or make an inference, we must use resources beyond what is written because the information is not stated clearly in the text. This skill is what we need to do when we are told to “read between the lines”
For example, “You are stopped at a red light. You are looking at the woman across the street who is walking her dog. You hear the car behind you beep.” What conclusions can we draw? The passage tells us that we are at a red light, the driver is not watching the light, and we hear a beep. We know in our brain that driver’s beep at red lights when the car in front of them does not move when the light turns green. Therefore we can conclude that the light turned green.
A valid conclusion is one that is reasonable and logical. It must use information from the text and information that we already have in our brain. A valid conclusion cannot be drawn if we are not given enough information. For example, “Kelly went to the clothing store. She bought a very pretty shirt”. You are then asked what color shirt Kelly bought. There was not enough information in this text to make that judgment. If the sentence “Kelly’s favorite color is green” was added to the passage, we would be able to infer that the shirt she bought was green.
Also, a statement is not a conclusion if it is simply information restated from the text. In this case, information would not have been integrated and therefore an inference is not made. For example, “Ben looked at the thermometer. It was well below freezing outside. He put his coat, hat, and mittens on”. If you were asked to draw a conclusion and stated that it was very cold outside, you would be simply re-stating information from the text instead of making an inference.
Conclusions are also called inferences, implications, or judgments. To draw a conclusion or make an inference, we must use resources beyond what is written because the information is not stated clearly in the text. This skill is what we need to do when we are told to “read between the lines”
For example, “You are stopped at a red light. You are looking at the woman across the street who is walking her dog. You hear the car behind you beep.” What conclusions can we draw? The passage tells us that we are at a red light, the driver is not watching the light, and we hear a beep. We know in our brain that driver’s beep at red lights when the car in front of them does not move when the light turns green. Therefore we can conclude that the light turned green.
A valid conclusion is one that is reasonable and logical. It must use information from the text and information that we already have in our brain. A valid conclusion cannot be drawn if we are not given enough information. For example, “Kelly went to the clothing store. She bought a very pretty shirt”. You are then asked what color shirt Kelly bought. There was not enough information in this text to make that judgment. If the sentence “Kelly’s favorite color is green” was added to the passage, we would be able to infer that the shirt she bought was green.
Also, a statement is not a conclusion if it is simply information restated from the text. In this case, information would not have been integrated and therefore an inference is not made. For example, “Ben looked at the thermometer. It was well below freezing outside. He put his coat, hat, and mittens on”. If you were asked to draw a conclusion and stated that it was very cold outside, you would be simply re-stating information from the text instead of making an inference.
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